《植物生理学报》 2015, 51(8): 1315-1321

石竹玻璃化苗的水分及活性氧代谢变化

张静雪¹, 高弘扬¹, 辛学锐², 夏秀英^1,*

¹大连理工大学生命科学与技术学院, 辽宁大连116024; ²大连好地农业有限公司, 辽宁大连116024

通信作者：夏秀英；E-mail: xx47@dlut.edu.cn；Tel: 0411-84706356

摘　要：

以正常及玻璃化石竹试管苗为材料, 研究玻璃化后试管苗水分及活性氧(ROS)代谢的变化。结果表明, 与正常试管苗相比, 玻璃化苗的自由水及质外体水含量显著增加, 束缚水及质外体气体含量显著降低, 叶片失水率显著下降; 玻璃化苗中丙二醛(MDA)和过氧化氢(H₂O₂)含量及氧阴离子自由基(O₂•–)产生速率显著高于正常苗, 组织化学染色结果证实玻璃化苗体内出现了ROS的明显积累; 玻璃化苗中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(APX)活性及抗坏血酸(AsA)、还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)含量均显著低于正常苗。说明玻璃化苗中水分及ROS代谢出现异常, 过多水分的积累及氧化平衡的破坏可能是石竹苗玻璃化发生及发展的主要原因。

关键词：石竹; 玻璃化; 质外体水分; 活性氧; 抗氧化酶

收稿：2015-04-08   修定：2015-07-31

资助：国家级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(201410141351)。

Changes in Water and Reactive Oxygen Species Metabolism in Hyperhydric Dianthus chinensis

ZHANG Jing-Xue¹, GAO Hong-Yang¹, XIN Xue-Rui², XIA Xiu-Ying^1,*

¹School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning 116024, China; ²Dalian Haodi Agriculture Limited Company, Dalian, Liaoning 116024, China

Corresponding author: XIA Xiu-Ying; E-mail: xx47@dlut.edu.cn; Tel: 0411-84706356

Abstract:

Using normal and hyperhydric shoots in vitro of Dianthus chinensis as materials, changes in water and reactive oxygen species (ROS) metabolism in hyperhydric shoots were investigated. The results showed that compared to the normal shoots, the hyperhydric shoots presented dramatic increase in the contents of free water and apoplastic water, however the contents of bound water and apoplastic gas in hyperhydric shoots were remarkably decreased. Moreover, in comparison with normal shoots, hyperhydric shoots showed higher contents of malondialdehyde (MDA) and hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂), and the production rate of O₂•–. Histochemical stain with diaminobenzidine (DAB) and nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) confirmed the obvious accumulation of ROS in hyperhydric shoots. Furthermore, the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and the contents of ascorbic acid (AsA) and glutathione (GSH) were lower significantly than those in normal shoots. These results indicated that water and ROS metabolism were disordered in hyperhydric shoots, suggesting that excessive water accumulation and the damage of oxidative balance are the key factors in triggering and developing of hyperhydricity in D. chinensis.

Key words: Dianthus chinensis; hyperhydricity; apoplastic water; reactive oxygen species; antioxidase